Genre

Fact sheet 03 - 

1. 

Someone sitting behind a desk is not genre specific. However, if you add high-key lighting, a modern mise-en-scene and a screen behind the character at the desk and the combination of media languages creates an image associated with news broadcast.

Another example would be Star Wars and Star Trek as they use recognisable iconographies of Science Fiction such as; outer space, space ships, alien characters, laser guns, high tech devices...

Newspaper genres are usually always identifiable as well. The tabloid of a newspaper always looks a particular way and the genre of a text is usually identifiable by the appearance; the way they've styled the page and the tagline on top.

2.

The  genre can also be indicated by the way the story is told through its narrative and plot. Some genres have a particular story-line, for example, soap operas and sit-com's usually have a story-line in which one of the family members is having to deal with a domestic situation e.g. the boss is giving them trouble at work. However, it would be dragged out more in a soap opera as there will also be other story-lines they are dealing with at the same time, whereas, in a sit-com this could either be an ongoing issue or it could be sorted out within a 30 minute episode. 

Although the plot in these 2 genres can be very similar, the narrative would be very different as they both use different narrative codes. Sit-com's tend to be episode narratives whereas soap opera conventions is to use an open ended, multi-strand narrative structure.

3. 

In an Action movie, the hero is usually isolated from other characters as they are sent on missions on their own, whilst the heroic character is amongst a group of people in a disaster film. They all usually have specific traits which helps resolve the problem as a group.

An example of a disaster film would be The Day After Tomorrow where a father has two goals, one to persuade the government to act on his advice and another to rescue his son. In both plots he accepts help from others e.g. accepting information from other scientists or letting his colleagues accompany him as he travels to New York where his son is trapped. 

The representation of heroes is a part of the codes and convention of the genres. 

4. 

- Period or Country 

- Director/Star 

- Technical process 

- Style 

- Series

- Audience 

Each of these have their own 'shared characteristics' in the media language, plots, narrative structures, characterisation and in the values and ideologies they conform to. 

5.

1 - Use prior knowledge of the genre to anticipate whether or not they are likely to enjoy the text; helps when selecting a media text whether it is a lifestyle magazine or a film or a television programme. 

2 - They're able to compare a text through its shared characteristics with another. If you describe a TV show to someone who hasn't watched it, you are likely to define its genre then clarify what other texts it is similar to. 

3 - Use own knowledge of genre to reject a text. There will be genres that audiences' actively dislike and therefore will avoid accessing texts we assume to hold those characteristics. 

6.

1 - Production: Genres are templates that media producers can follow, e.g. to produce a sit-come there a certain 'rules' that must be followed. This makes it easier for the writers and producers as they don't have to invent things from scratch. 

2 - Attracting an Audience: some genres have loyal fan-bases, for example people would try out a new sit-com simply because it is a new sit-com; this can help media producers minimise the potential for failure. 

3 - Marketing Texts: Film trailers which usually attempt to clearly define the genre of the film and then show as many of the codes and conventions in the trailer; this acts to attract fans of the genre and set up the expectations of the film.  

Fact sheet 126 - 

1.

- Avengers Assemble (2013)

- Superman

- Chronicle

- Super 

- Scott Pilgrim

2.

- Superman

- Batman 

- X-men

3.

15 General Questions: (Bend it like Beckham)

1.

It is a popular British film that I have watched several times. 

2.

I came across it through word of mouth. 

3.

Shows diversification, unique as not a lot of British films star Asian's as their main characters; aimed at a different target market.

4.

Drama and Comedy

5.

These two are my favourite types of genres as it constantly keeps audiences entertained and makes them want to repeatedly watch the film. 

6.

The film uses stereotypes to drive the story-line and then challenges it as the story progresses, has elements of feminism and covers equality both race and gender wise. Includes romance and has a love story within the main plot.

7.

It is typical to have a happy ending, however the story itself isn't something you'd usually see being featured in all films.

8.

I expect a narrative twist, social message (even if it's something small), humour

9.

Classified as a drama/comedy film. 

10.

11.

The drama when the main character faces problems that she needs to overcome. Comedy comes in with the humorous comments in-between majority of the scenes. It might seem humorous to some people if they could relate to it. 

12.

The main genre that is carried out throughout the film is drama as there is the main aim for the main character, the obstacles that get in the way and she needs to overcome during the climax and the conclusion once everything has been resolved.

13.

Elements of Comedy goes missing during the serious scenes e.g. when she is trying to overcome the problem, during the climax...

14.

Although romance isn't one of the listed genres for the film, it is being portrayed in parts of the film.

15.

The location was realistic as it was based around Southall where loads of Asians are known to live.
The costumes they used also matched the types of characters they were trying to portray.

Mode of address:

1.

The main target audience would've been Asians and young people from London as those were the types of people being shown in the film. 

2.

I fit into both the above categories so I found it relatable and entertaining to watch something that I am familiar with in a more comical form. 

3.

A working class Asian who still values traditional beliefs whiles also taking interest into the western world. 

4.

Working class, teenager or the parent. Asian background, most likely living in London or a similar city. 

5.

Drama, realism, humour that relates to everyday things. 

Relationship to other text:

1.

Refers to football; matches that are aired on TV e.g. premier league

2.

Bride and prejudice 

3.

Main character is an Asian, includes drama.

4.

The main story-line is different as Bend it like Beckham is more about an Asian woman being more stronger and coming out in the western society through her passion for football which girls aren't typically thought to play. 

Audience Theory 2

1.

The media has had a massive influence on people over the years especially through social media. Violence and crime isn't the only thing that people are influenced to took part in. But people are also influenced to follow certain beauty trends, dress a certain way or even act in a certain manner. The more popular things like social media become, the more anti-social people become as they don't feel the need to see each other in real life to communicate. People may also have competition through things such as video games; mainly violent ones and this would make them build hate towards another person and the violence they see in the games may be repeated by them in real life when they see their opponents in video games as they are easily influenced by things they see often. 

2.

Social media influences the younger generation a lot these days as they fall into this thought that they must look or act a certain way to be (feel) socially accepted. There are a lot of influencer's that young people follow and look up to especially on things like Instagram. This could be a good and bad thing as some people are influenced to make positive changes and take part in positive things whereas others follow the wrong foot steps, make bad decisions and build things like depression and insecurities by seeing these 'perfect' people on social media. 

3.

The media influenced people in the 1980's to believe overpowering fear that their local preschool was actually a haven for vicious sexual abuse, driven by a Satanist agenda and brought to light only when children's memories were recovered.
It was just a fear of devil worship that was sparked by the hungry media.

People were told not to flash lights at cars with their headlights off as this is a method that gangs use to initiate their plans. Members of the gang are instructed to drive with their lights off, then follow the first person who flashes their lights (to indicate their lights are off), stalk them, and murder them.
There have been no reports about people getting murdered due to flashing lights, therefore this is just another moral panic caused by the media.

When they can't get their hands on drugs (real or fake), teens resort to getting tore up the old-fashioned way: booze. Among the ways they get drunk quickly are shoving vodka-soaked tampons in various places, the "neknominate game," or something called butt-chugging.
Teenagers drinking is true but the rest is all false, exaggerated news by the media.

Kids like to get high. And when they can't get their grubby hands on weed or meth, they're rumored to smoke things like fake pot, synthetic drugs like "bath salts," organic human waste, or ground up Smarties. Every year, a new fake drug is pumped up by the media and fretted over by parents.
This was also false information made by the news to make parents panic. Minor things like this happen very occasionally but it is not a major issue in society.

Criminals will use advanced 3D printing technology to make guns out of thin air and commit all manner of crimes. Children will do the same, leading to horrific accidents.
Technology like this has not been developed yet and media is just creating panic and a form of warning for people before hand.

4.

Technology panic is caused through the Internet according to some people however there has been no evidence to back this point saying the Internet is leading to greater issues in society than other/previous technologies did. In public policy debates they often use fear in an attempt to sway opinion or bolster the case for action.

5.

It is over-exaggerated through political debates causing more fear for people. They also suggest that it is best approached by experimentation, resilience, coping strategies etc. rather than by regulation. 

6.

The government should not have control over what people access online as it is a freedom that everyone is entitled to. Majority of people that access things online and on the Internet are aware of what they are doing and if they are doing something wrong they know the consequences. People are also made aware of most things these days and the government should mainly focus on that and make sure people are aware of such things rather than completely banning them or controlling what they browse on the internet as everyone in the Country is entitled to that freedom and if something is wrong, it should not have the right to be up on the internet and should be taken down to protect people. 

7.

The Cultivation Theory suggests that the more you view things on TV or online, the more susceptible you are to media messages and the belief that they are real and valid. Heavy viewers are more exposed to things like violence which means these things would be applied in their real life as well; this is called mean world syndrome. 

8.

Heavy internet use is becoming a big issue in today's society amongst nearly everyone regardless of age or class. Although it does come in handy it is more convenient to get a lot of things done online as everyone has such a packed day, we are starting to lose traditional values and furthermore people hardly socialise face to face as they just text or video call their friends or family if they want to talk and they're also able to get things such as shopping done from wherever they are so they don't even need to bother going out to shops. Reduction in going out can make people less fit as they aren't moving around as much however studies show that drinking and smoking by younger people has reduced compared to the previous years as youngsters don't go to social events as much anymore.

Psychographics group: Explorer

Name: 

Peter and Mary

Where do they work/study:

- University or gap year
- Part time job
- Apprenticeships

What do they do in there spare time?

- Travel
- Work
- Shopping
- Attempting new things that come out

What newspapers/magazines do they does your group read (if any)?

- Vogue
- Online subscriptions e.g. snapchat

What TV shows/programmes do you watch?- Radio stations
- TV package- Freeview or sky films?- Netflix
- ITV
- Shopping channels
- Documentaries

what technology do they own? websites do they visit?

- The typical iPhone/Macs
- Netflix
- Instagram

Audience Theory

Hypodermic Needle Model:

1.

This article links to the hypodermic needle model as it shows how people are influenced by the video games they play and how it effects their real life activities. This shows that the media injects information into the audience head which may lead to dangerous effects on them

2.

This shows that playing video games influences anti-social behaviour and by kids playing video games all the time they begin to treat real life the same way. Being on it all the time makes them build advanced skills and this article the kid used it in a negative way to do fraud. 

Two-step flow model:

1.

The two-step flow theory relates to today's society as many people are influenced by seeing what other people do. The media nowadays also consists of what other people post and do with their day to day lives; i.e. social media. People are inspired by what other people to do and tend to do the same things; especially celebrities. 

2. 

This Youtuber is a good example of the two-step flow theory as he posts videos often because a lot of people watch his videos. He does collaboration videos with different people and once his viewers see these new people and if they enjoy their entertainment they would also subscribe to them and begin to follow their footsteps. 

3.

These tweets fit the two-step flow model as they are all from celebrities/well-known pages. This means everything they post reaches out to a lot of people and some of those people would be inspired by them in a positive or negative way. For example, some people may choose to follow their fashion trends. 

4.

Jamal Edwards is a good example of the two-step flow theory as he posts videos of other peoples work and once people see this they would also be interested in doing the similar things and be influenced by this. He could be seen as an Opinion Leader as he influences how the audience react to media.

Uses and Gratifications Theory:

1.

Diversion: Harry Potter would be an example as people could watch this as it is out of the norm and could be a method they use to get their mind off the outside world. 

Personal Relationships: Soap Operas such as Eastenders would be a good example of this as audience watch these people on TV on a regular basis and they build a certain feeling towards them; typically either hate or sympathy as they get so used to constantly watching them, they begin to feel like they exist in their day-to-day life. 

Personal Identity: People watch soap operas,documentaries or read lifestyle magazines as they find relatable things in them and makes it more interesting for them. They find entertainment through comparing their life to another character or persons. 

Surveillance: People use surveillance as they find out information that is useful for living through this. Examples of this would be the News or the Weather forecast as it helps them stay updated about things around the real world rather than just entertainment. 

Dependency Theory:

1.

Majority of audiences around the World have become dependent on the media as it plays a part on everything that happens on a day to day basis and people even use the media to find out things such as the weather or to keep up-to-date with the latest show-biz.

2.

Over the years people have become a lot more dependent on media; especially social media as a lot of things revolve around it. Although this means technology is developing, communication is lacking and people spend less time with each other as they can just communicate through social media which influences anti-social behaviour. 

3.

The main type of media I consume would be social media. There are both pros and cons of this as it helps me keep in touch with my friends when I can't see them face to face or find out what's happening around the world. However it does also have a negative impact on young people as a whole as there are a lot of influencer's on social media who make young people believe they should look or act a certain way which makes us feel self-conscious about ourselves and make us want to follow their footsteps so that we can fit in and be socially accepted.