Media and Audiences -The Effects Debate 

1.

- I don't play violent video games but I do watch films that contains violent scenes. I'm not a violent person but I can come out quite aggressive when I'm not in the best mood or if something I don't like happens.

- Yes, I have made purchases sometimes by seeing products being advertised online or on TV.

- I have watched documentaries about the effects of plastic being dumped and not recycled properly which has made me more aware and want to reduce my use of plastic.

2.

- Direct Effect Theories

- Diffusion Theories

- Indirect Effect Theories

- The Pluralist Approach

3.

It was claimed that listening to Marilyn Manson caused teenagers to open fire in a high school killing students and teachers.

4.

It was a shooting that took place in a high school that left students and teachers lives at risk due to things such as students feeling like they don't fit in, acceptance of gun ownership, hopelessness caused by living in an area where unemployment was high. However they found that the student(s) listen to Marilyn Manson who is a metal rock artist and blamed his music for influencing the student. 

5.

- The ease of access to firearms and the social acceptance of gun ownership

- The alienation felt by teenagers who felt as though they did not fit in

- The hopelessness caused by living in an area where unemployment was high and was economically

disadvantaged

- The general desensitisation caused by access to a range of violent images: film, TV, the news, the internet

6.

Gerbner's Cultivation Theory is more about how media affects attitudes rather than behaviour. This theory suggests that any one media text doesn't have too much effect but repeated exposure would start to have an impact on audience and give them certain ideas whether it is good or bad things being shown or represented. 

7.

This article links to Cultivation Theory as it shows how 5 year old's are spending too much time on phones and apps. Shows how kids are addicted which would change their attitude towards society and communicating in real life.

8.

Some artists or films and even video games are blamed for influencing people to act in a violent manner; especially younger kids. For example, Child’s Play or Marilyn Manson.

9.

- Hypodermic Needle Syringe Theory
- Cultivation Theory

10.

Love Thy Neighbour appears to many modern viewers, racist and offensive. What was acceptable as the topic for comedy some decades ago, no longer is.

11.

• the dominant reading

- an acceptance of the intended meaning

• a negotiated reading

- a broad acceptance of the intended meaning but with

some personal modification

• an oppositional reading

- an understanding of the intended meaning but a rejection

of it in favour of one created by the individual